Synapse Web
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Publications on synaptic structure:

Mature neocortex in vivo

• Spacek J (1971) Three-dimensional reconstructions of astroglia and oligodendroglia cells. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat. 112:430-442.
• Spacek J, Lieberman AR (1980) Relationships between mitochondrial outer membranes and agranular reticulum in nervous tissue. Ultrastructural observations and a new interpretation. J. Cell Sci. 46:129-147.
• Spacek J (1982) Ribosome-associated membrane contacts between astrocytes in the anoxic brain. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 57(4):270-4.
• Spacek J. (1982) "Free" postsynaptic-like densities in normal adult brain: their occurence, distribution, structure and association with subsurface cisterns. J. Neurocytol. 11:693-706.
• Spacek J, Hartmann M (1983) Three-dimensional analysis of dendritic spines. I. Quantitative observations related to dendritic spine and synaptic morphology in cerebral and cerebellar cortices. Anat. Embryol. 167:289-310.
• Spacek J (1985) Three-dimensional analysis of dendritic spines. II. Spine apparatus and other cytoplasmic components. Anat. Embryol. 171:235-243.
• Spacek J (1985) Three-dimensional analysis of dendritic spines. III. Glial sheath. Anat. Embryol. 171:245-252.
• Spacek J (1985) Relationships between synaptic junctions, puncta adhaerentia and the spine apparatus at neocortical axo-spinous synapses. Anat. Embryol. 173:129-135.
• Spacek J (1987) Ultrastructural pathology of dendritic spines in epitumorous human cerebral cortex. Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.) 73:77-85.

Mature hippocampus in vivo

• Harris KM (1980) Relationships between dendrite and spine neck diameters in freeze-fractured rat hippocampal formation. Biol. Bull. 159:470-471. (646K PDF)
• Harris KM, Landis DM (1986) Membrane structure at synaptic junctions in area CA1 of the rat hippocampus. Neurosci. 19:857-872. (3,253K PDF)
• Harris KM, Stevens JK (1989) Dendritic spines of CA1 pyramidal cells in the rat hippocampus: serial electron microscopy with reference to their biophysical characteristics. J. Neurosci. 9:2982-2997. (7,143K PDF)
• Chicurel ME, Harris KM (1992) Three-dimensional analysis of the structure and composition of CA3 branched dendritic spines and theirsynaptic relationships with mossy fiber boutons in the rat hippocampus.J. Comp. Neurol. 325:169-182. (6,353K PDF)
• Sorra KE, Harris KM (1993) Occurrence and three-dimensional structure of multiple synapses between individual radiatum axons and theirtarget pyramidal cells in hippocampal area CA1. J. Neurosci. 13:3736-3748. (5,414K PDF)
• Harris KM, Sultan P (1995) Variation in number, location, and size of synaptic vesicles provides an anatomical basis for the non-uniformprobability of release at hippocampal CA1 synapses. J.Neuropharmacology34:1387-1395.   (851K PDF)
• Spacek J, Harris KM (1997) Three-dimensional organization of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in hippocampal CA1 dendrites and dendriticspines of the immature and mature rat. J. Neurosci. 17:190-203.  (2,560K PDF)
• Spacek J, Harris KM (1998) Three-dimensional organization of cell adhesion junctions at synapses and dendritic spines in area CA1of the rat hippocampus. J. Comp. Neurol. 393:58-68.  (947K PDF)
• Shepherd GMG, Harris KM (1998) Three-dimensional structure and composition of CA3-->CA1 axons in rat hippocampal slices: implicationsfor presynaptic connectivity and compartmentalization. J. Neurosci. 18:8300-8310. (964K PDF) 
• Sorra KE, Fiala JC, Harris KM (1998) Critical assessment of the involvement of perforations, spinules, and spine branching in hippocampalsynapse formation. J. Comp. Neurol. 398:225-240.  (1,643K PDF)
• Ventura R, Harris KM (1999) Three-dimensional relationships between hippocampal synapses and astrocytes. J. Neuroscience 19(16):6897-6906. (888K PDF) 
• Cooney JR, Hurlburt JL, Selig DK, Harris KM, Fiala JC (2002) Endosomal compartments serve multiple hippocampal dendritic spines from a widespread rather than a local store of recycling membrane. J. Neurosci 22:2215-2224. (763K PDF)

Mature thalamus in vivo

• Spacek J, Lieberman AR. (1971) Spine-like astrocytic protrusions into large axon terminals. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat. 115:494-500.
• Spacek J, Lieberman AR (1974) Ultrastructure and three-dimensional organization of synaptic glomeruli in rat somatosensory thalamus. J. Anat. (Lond.) 117:487-515.
• Spacek J. (1982) "Free" postsynaptic-like densities in normal adult brain: their occurence, distribution, structure and association with subsurface cisterns. J. Neurocytol. 11:693-706.
• Lieberman AR, Spacek J (1997) Filamentous contacts: the ultrastructure and three-dimensional organization of specialized non-synaptic interneuronal appositions in thalamic relay nuclei. Cell Tiss. Res. 288:43-57. (4,699K PDF)

Mature cerebellum in vivo

• Spacek J, Parizek J, Lieberman AR (1973) Golgi cells, granule cells and synaptic glomeruli in the molecular layer of the rabbit cerebellar cortex. J. Neurocytol. 2:407-428.
• Spacek J (1980) Non-synaptic membrane specializations on the necks of Purkinje cell dentritic spines. J. Anat. 131:723-9.
• Spacek J (1982) Ribosome-associated membrane contacts between astrocytes in the anoxic brain. Acta Neuropathol (Berl). 57(4):270-4.
• Spacek J, Hartmann M (1983) Three-dimensional analysis of dendritic spines. I. Quantitative observations related to dendritic spine and synaptic morphology in cerebral and cerebellar cortices. Anat. Embryol. 167:289-310.
• Spacek J (1985) Three-dimensional analysis of dendritic spines. II. Spine apparatus and other cytoplasmic components. Anat. Embryol. 171:235-243.
• Spacek J (1985) Three-dimensional analysis of dendritic spines. III. Glial sheath. Anat. Embryol. 171:245-252.
• Spacek J (1985) Relationships between synaptic junctions, puncta adhaerentia and the spine apparatus at neocortical axo-spinous synapses. Anat. Embryol. 173:129-135.
• Harris KM, Stevens JK (1988) Dendritic spines of rat cerebellar Purkinje cells: Serial electron microscopy with reference to their biophysicalcharacteristics. J. Neurosci. 8:4455-4469. (6,692K PDF)

Mature hippocampus in slice

• Harris KM, Cruce WLR, Greenough WT, Teyler TJ (1980) A Golgi impregnation technique for thin brain slices maintained in vitro. J. Neurosci. Methods.2:363-371. (3,633K PDF)
• Sorra KE, Harris KM (1998) Stability in synapse number andsize at 2 hr after long-term potentiation in hippocampal area CA1. J. Neurosci.18:658-671. (1,407K PDF)
• Kirov SA, Sorra KE, Harris KM (1999) Slices have more synapses than perfusion-fixed hippocampus from both young and mature rats. J Neurosci. 19(8):2876-2886.  (1,426K PDF)
• Ventura R, Harris KM (1999) Three-dimensional relationships between hippocampal synapses and astrocytes. J. Neurosci. 19(16):6897-6906. (888K PDF)

Developing hippocampus in vivo

• Harris KM, Jensen FE, Tsao B (1989) Ultrastructure, development, and plasticity of dendritic spine synapses in area CA1 of the rat hippocampus:Extending our vision with serial electron microscopy and three-dimensionalanalyses. In: The Hippocampus-New Vistas, Neurology and Neurobiology Volume52 (Chan-Palay V, Kohler C eds), pp 33-52. New York: Alan R. Liss. (10,927K PDF)
• Harris KM, Jensen FE, Tsao B (1992) Three-dimensional structure of dendritic spines and synapses in rat hippocampus (CA1) at post-natal day 15 and adult ages: Implications for the maturation of synaptic physiology and long-term potentiation.  J. Neurosci. 12:2685-2705. (9,766K PDF)
• Spacek J, Harris KM (1997) Three-dimensional organization of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in hippocampal CA1 dendrites and dendriticspines of the immature and mature rat.  J. Neurosci. 17:190-203. (2,560K PDF)
• Fiala JC, Feinberg M, Popov V, Harris KM (1998) Synaptogenesis via dendritic filopodia in developing hippocampal area CA1.   J. Neurosci.18:8900-8911. (1,183K PDF)
• Cooney JR, Hurlburt JL, Selig DK, Harris KM, Fiala JC (2002) Endosomal compartments serve multiple hippocampal dendritic spines from a widespread rather than a local store of recycling membrane. J. Neurosci. 22:2215-2224. (763K PDF)
• Fiala JC, Allwardt B, Harris KM (2002) Dendritic spines do not split during hippocampus LTP or maturation. Nat. Neurosci. 5:297-298. (311K PDF)

Developing cerebellum in vivo

• Xu-Friedman MA, Harris KM, Regehr WG (2001) Three-dimensional comparison of ultrastructural characteristics at depressing and facilitating synapses onto cerebellar Purkinje cells. J. Neurosci. 21(17):6666-6672.  (2,076K PDF) 

Developing hippocampus in slice

• Kirov SA, Sorra KE, Harris KM (1999) Slices have more synapses than perfusion-fixed hippocampus from both young and mature rats. J. Neurosci. 19(8):2876-2886.    (1,426K PDF)
• Ostroff LE, Fiala JC, Allwardt B, Harris KM (2002) Polyribosomes redistribute from dendritic shafts into spines with enlarged synapses during LTP in developing rat hippocampal slices. Neuron 35:535-545.   (552K PDF)

Synapses in culture

• Harris KM, Rosenberg PA (1993) Localization of synapses in rat cortical cultures. Neuroscience 53(2):495-508  (899K PDF)

Plasticity and long-term potentiation

• Sorra KE, Harris KM (1998) Stability in synapse number and size at 2 hr after long-term potentiation in hippocampal area CA1. J. Neurosci.18:658-671. (1,407K PDF)
• Sorra KE, Fiala JC, Harris KM (1998) Critical assessment of the involvement of perforations, spinules, and spine branching in hippocampalsynapse formation. J. Comp. Neurol. 398:225-240 (1,643K PDF)
• Kirov SA, Sorra KE, Harris KM (1999) Slices have more synapses than perfusion-fixed hippocampus from both young and mature rats. J Neuroscience 19(8):2876-2886.  (1,426K PDF)
• Kirov SA, Harris KM (1999) Dendrites are more spiny on mature hippocampal neurons when synapses are inactivated. Nature Neuroscience 2(10):878-883. (643K PDF)
• Cooney JR, Hurlburt JL, Selig DK, Harris KM, Fiala JC (2002) Endosomal compartments serve multiple hippocampal dendritic spines from a widespread rather than a local store of recycling membrane.  J. Neurosci. 22:2215-2224. (763K PDF) 
• Fiala JC, Allwardt B, Harris KM (2002) Dendritic spines do not split during hippocampus LTP or maturation. Nat. Neurosci. 5:297-298. (311K PDF)
• Ostroff LE, Fiala JC, Allwardt B, Harris KM (2002) Polyribosomes redistribute from dendritic shafts into spines with enlarged synapses during LTP in developing rat hippocampal slices. Neuron 35:535-545. (552K PDF)

Last Updated: 12/12/2003